- NABER Certification - 8 Updates
- Review of my home broadband router logs (suspicious activity?) - 15 Updates
- how would you use an oscilloscope to measure a sine wave? - 2 Updates
| videogamencomputerguy@gmail.com: Dec 25 12:20PM -0800 On Friday, April 21, 1995 at 2:00:00 AM UTC-5, Brian Feeny wrote: > equiptment. I thought employers wanted EITHER the naber or fcc, but > had never heard a firm wanting just the naber. > Any information about the NABER Certification would be appreciated. The NABER was an attempt to replace the FCC First class Radio-ttelephone license in the last century. The FCC loosly says that it's up to the station's owner to establish the technition's technical competance. The NABER is one way to show that. The amatuer FCC Extra class license has a good start towards the NABER. Now days with circuit board swapping as the norm for many technicians, component level troubleshooting can be a valuable asset to be exploited. Exact repplacements is another area that is required to maintain FCC compliance under type acceptance guidelines. Under part 15, 90, 95 & 97 of CFR 47. Reading these can help with test questions. Brodcasting rules would also help those interested in taking on that chalenge. Find a CFR library near you or buy from library of congress's help. |
| videogamencomputerguy@gmail.com: Dec 25 12:44PM -0800 On Friday, April 21, 1995 at 2:00:00 AM UTC-5, Brian Feeny wrote: > equiptment. I thought employers wanted EITHER the naber or fcc, but > had never heard a firm wanting just the naber. > Any information about the NABER Certification would be appreciated. National Asociation of Broadcast Engineers = NABER |
| "Ralph Mowery" <rmowery28146@earthlink.net>: Dec 25 05:52PM -0500 <videogamencomputerguy@gmail.com> wrote in message news:a95636f2-40e3-4ff1-93c7-e9a6fdbb836b@googlegroups.com... On Friday, April 21, 1995 at 2:00:00 AM UTC-5, Brian Feeny wrote: >> questions. Brodcasting rules would also help those interested in taking >> on that chalenge. Find a CFR library >>near you or buy from library of >> congress's help. Wow this is old, from 1995. There is almost no need for any licenses now for commercial work except maybe ships and airplanes. Way back then if you had a First Class Phone license you could just send in a form and get the NABER paper. I had one way back then, but never got a job that needed it and let it expire after the second renewal. Just did not want to give them about $ 20 for something I was not using. |
| Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>: Dec 25 03:30PM -0800 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 12:20:49 -0800 (PST), >> Any information about the NABER Certification would be appreciated. >The NABER was an attempt to replace the FCC First class Radio-ttelephone >license in the last century. Wrong. NABER was a frequency coordination organization. In order to obtain a commercial license, the FCC requires that the licensee makes an effort to minimize possible interference with co-channel users. That function was taken over the various industry frequency coordinators, including NABER. NABER merged with the PCIA in 2002 and now operates under the PCIA name. The major tower owners are all members of the PCIA. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCIA_-_The_Wireless_Infrastructure_Association> Each industry has its own frequency coordinators. For example, for industrial and business radio: <http://wireless.fcc.gov/services/index.htm?job=licensing_3&id=industrial_business> >The FCC loosly says that it's up to the station's owner to establish >the technition's technical competance. Wrong. The FCC uses the successful completion of the GROL license test in order to establish competence. However, frequency coordination is run by industry groups, not technicians. In theory, you can do your own frequency coordination, but it's unlikely to be accepted by the FCC. >The NABER is one way to show that. >The amatuer FCC Extra class license has a good start towards the NABER. NABOR does not certify a persons technical competence. Rest of the garbage deleted. >National Asociation of Broadcast Engineers = NABER Wrong. National Association of Business and Educational Radio. So, why did you reply to a 1995 posting with a rather large pile of wrong information and bad guesses? Is this some kind of game designed to waste everyone's time? -- Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com 150 Felker St #D http://www.LearnByDestroying.com Santa Cruz CA 95060 http://802.11junk.com Skype: JeffLiebermann AE6KS 831-336-2558 |
| "Ralph Mowery" <rmowery28146@earthlink.net>: Dec 25 07:14PM -0500 "Jeff Liebermann" <jeffl@cruzio.com> wrote in message news:jjjr7bdhulheverkmq53r03kdvh5ehp50i@4ax.com... > coordination is run by industry groups, not technicians. In theory, > you can do your own frequency coordination, but it's unlikely to be > accepted by the FCC. I had to dig out my NABER paper to make sure. This dates back to 1984. At some point around then NABER issued me a papaer with CERTIFIED TECHNICIAN across the top. This was to act as a replacement for my First Class Phone license. All was needed to do was fill out a form and send them around $ 20 every 5 years. One line of it says 'This individual is herby reconized as a NABER Certified Technichan through a FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION endorsed program." I am not sure of the time line as I did not go into the radio and TV repair part of electronics but at some time around or after that it was no longer a FCC requirement to have a license issued by the FCC or anyone else to work on the TV and radio stations or most of the 2 way radios.. The individual stations may require whatever they want. I know a man that was the head for the local Highway Patrol and he was telling me that at one time they required either a First or Second class license but the FCC no longer issued them, going to the GROL. The state finally got around to changing that requirement after a year or two. They needed to hire someone, but the state did not reconise the GROL for a while so they were a man short. I don't know who or what did the frequency coordination for the broadcast and other bands other than the ham bands. They may have done that at the time. |
| Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>: Dec 25 04:29PM -0800 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 17:52:05 -0500, "Ralph Mowery" >There is almost no need for any licenses now for commercial work except >maybe ships and airplanes. Even though the work can be done without a license, someone with a license still needs to sign off the paperwork: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_radiotelephone_operator_license> The GROL does not convey the authority to operate an amateur radio station, for which the FCC has a separate licensing system, nor is it required for any engineering jobs in radio and television broadcast. However, some services such as aviation, marine and international fixed public stations still require repair and maintenance to be performed by a person holding a GROL. There are also a tangle of other licenses that might be needed, such as for operating a shore station, etc: <http://wireless.fcc.gov/commoperators/> <http://wireless.fcc.gov/commoperators/index.htm?job=wncol> >Way back then if you had a First Class Phone >license you could just send in a form and get the NABER paper. No such thing as a NABER paper. I think you mean the GROL, which replaced the FCC First Phone. I screwed up and let my FCC First Phone expire, and had to take the GROL from scratch. >way back then, but never got a job that needed it and let it expire after >the second renewal. Just did not want to give them about $ 20 for something >I was not using. Yeah, but it's good for life. You should have gone for the GROL. If you change your mind, the running cost is currently $50 for the exam: <http://www.eta-i.org/fcccaapps.pdf> Long ago, I found a problem with having a license. During the 1970's, I worked for a marine radio manufacturer. At the time, I was the only person with an FCC First, so the company used my license number to certify that everything shipped was within specifications. To make it easy for me, they had made some rubber stamps, which appeared on the QA test sheet included with every radio. A few years after I left the company, I discovered that they were still using the same rubber stamps. Oops. -- Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com 150 Felker St #D http://www.LearnByDestroying.com Santa Cruz CA 95060 http://802.11junk.com Skype: JeffLiebermann AE6KS 831-336-2558 |
| Jeff Liebermann <jeffl@cruzio.com>: Dec 25 04:38PM -0800 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 19:14:19 -0500, "Ralph Mowery" >every 5 years. >One line of it says 'This individual is herby reconized as a NABER Certified >Technichan through a FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION endorsed program." I must have been asleep at the switch. I was actively designing radios for various companies at the time, and never ran into that program. According to: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_radiotelephone_operator_license> "In 1982 testing stopped for the First. Shortly afterwards all renewing First and Second Class licenses, were issued as GROLs." So, there was no gap between the First and the GROL where NABER might issue some kind of interum license. The 5 year term changed to lifetime in 1985. >FCC requirement to have a license issued by the FCC or anyone else to work >on the TV and radio stations or most of the 2 way radios.. The individual >stations may require whatever they want. That changed around the same time period. I couldn't find exact dates. -- Jeff Liebermann jeffl@cruzio.com 150 Felker St #D http://www.LearnByDestroying.com Santa Cruz CA 95060 http://802.11junk.com Skype: JeffLiebermann AE6KS 831-336-2558 |
| "Ralph Mowery" <rmowery28146@earthlink.net>: Dec 25 08:12PM -0500 "Jeff Liebermann" <jeffl@cruzio.com> wrote in message news:hgmr7b5luplig7g9pi3lqps3v5p4c0fg3l@4ax.com... > No such thing as a NABER paper. I think you mean the GROL, which > replaced the FCC First Phone. I screwed up and let my FCC First Phone > expire, and had to take the GROL from scratch. No I don't mean the GROL. I have the paper from NABER on my desk right now. Also there is a credit card size paper that goes with it so you can carry it around with you as proff . Some places would require some of the FCC licenses or the NABER one, not that the FCC required it, but as some sort of proff that you had an idea of what RF was. I got the First Phone when I was about 22.. Never did get into anythng I needed it for as I went to industrial electronics instead of anything involving RF as it paid more at the time and had a good retirement. Here is the NABAER paper https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7wJcih38lRATEN5U0pwdzVlV1U/view?usp=sharing |
| ssinzig <ssinzig@outlook.com>: Dec 25 01:31PM -0500 Paul M. Cook wrote: > So, AFAIK, I don't even *have* a DMZ. > My router is set up like most home routers, which is to say the only > thing that is not default is the SSID login/password and admin login/password. DMZ = "De-Militarized Zone" it is the name given to a port on your router that can be configured to be completely OPEN to the internet, no firewall, no port blocking, nothing. This may be advantageous for someone running a particular type of server on their home network - an FTP server or Web Server or something that they want to expose to the internet so that it can be accessed from the outside. In such configurations that device usually will have a software type firewall installed to prevent hackers from gaining access. Most routers I have seen include this feature and it has is uses, but it must be used with extreme caution! S Sinzig. |
| Unquestionably Confused <puzzled2@ameritech.net>: Dec 25 12:34PM -0600 On 12/24/2015 11:03 PM, Paul M. Cook wrote: > HINT: Your laptop shouts out "Hey DonY, are you here?" > So, in effect, an SSID that is not being broadcast *by your router* > at home, is broadcast *by your laptop* both at home, and at Starbucks. Okay, I understand that explanation. Now please tell me how my iPad or laptop broadcasting my home SSID willy nilly at the Starbucks or the passenger terminal at SFO or PHX is going to compromise my home network? Not saying it couldn't be done but... Talk about freakin' remote...<g> I don't bother to hide my SSID at home. Anyone who cares to clone a MAC address to by-pass the MAC filter and decrypt a 26 alpha-numeric pass phrase can have it. Good luck with that |
| ssinzig <ssinzig@outlook.com>: Dec 25 01:39PM -0500 Paul M. Cook wrote: > on the Internet, was going to 1.2.3.4:9000, which, somehow (via magic of upnp?) > hit my router and then the router "port forwarded" it to the Sony Playstation at > 192.168.1.5 at port 9000? In short, yes. Your game console or computer or whatever needs to "talk" to another computer on the internet, in this case is uses Port 9000. The router opens Port 9000 and the packets get through to that other computer out there on the internet. To reply, that other computer only knows your static public IP, ie. "1.2.3.4" and sends its packets back to you at that IP on the same port, 9000. Your router receives these packets, and does NAT (Network address translation) translating the packets from 1.2.3.4:9000 (Your public IP) to 192.168.1.5:9000 your private home network IP and sending them there. This happens all time when you are accessing the web, either through HTTP, FTP, SSL, whatever. They all use their own specific ports, (ie HTTP is usually port 80, FTP 20 or 21, etc.) S Sinzig. |
| "Colonel Edmund J. Burke" <burkesgurlz@t-girls.com>: Dec 25 11:01AM -0800 On 12/22/2015 7:55 PM, Paul M. Cook wrote: > Does this activity found accidentally in my home broadband > wireless router log seem suspicious to you? Who the fuck knows or really cares? It's all just fucking numbers, you arsehole. |
| Oren <Oren@127.0.0.1>: Dec 25 11:07AM -0800 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 13:31:01 -0500, ssinzig <ssinzig@outlook.com> wrote: >installed to prevent hackers from gaining access. >Most routers I have seen include this feature and it has is uses, but it >must be used with extreme caution! True; however, some ISP's will block some ports. Mine blocks FTP 20/21, Web server 80 and another I can't think off at the moment. |
| Mark Lloyd <not@mail.invalid>: Dec 25 01:39PM -0600 [snip] > Hiding SSID increases security? Wrong. Not much really. Not much, but not none either. Consider that most people won't know there's a network there. > Modem/router combo is always worse than separate router. I've never had a combination, but agree that it would be less secure. > another way using DMZ in your modem. I have only DOCIS III cable modem, > my router at present is Linksys EA8500 which never went down since > I first boot in summer time. Very stable router. I had DOCSIS II until June, when my ISP increased the speed to 50Mbps which is too fast for a single channel so I had to get a new modem. I needed a new router too, but that (thankfully) was a completely separate thing. -- Currently: happy holidays (Friday December 25, 2015 12:00:00 AM for 1 day). Mark Lloyd http://notstupid.us/ "The dogma of the divinity of Jesus should have died on the cross, when the man of Nazareth gave up the ghost." [Lemuel K. Washburn, _Is The Bible Worth Reading And Other Essays_] |
| Mark Lloyd <not@mail.invalid>: Dec 25 01:51PM -0600 On 12/24/2015 11:03 PM, Paul M. Cook wrote: [snip] > a. Either the router broadcasts the SSID, > b. Or the device does. If your router is broadcasting the SSID, EVERY wireless device in range will receive it and most will show it to the user. Compare this to what happens when your device is broadcasting it. Will others even see that? -- Currently: happy holidays (Friday December 25, 2015 12:00:00 AM for 1 day). Mark Lloyd http://notstupid.us/ "The dogma of the divinity of Jesus should have died on the cross, when the man of Nazareth gave up the ghost." [Lemuel K. Washburn, _Is The Bible Worth Reading And Other Essays_] |
| whit3rd <whit3rd@gmail.com>: Dec 25 12:57PM -0800 On Thursday, December 24, 2015 at 8:35:57 PM UTC-8, Paul M. Cook wrote: > > what is this in your family?) using port 9000. > The 192.168.1.5 IP address belonged to the Sony Playstation. > So, for some reason, the port 9000 was being used. Right. The router is accepting back-traffic to one device (the Playstation) on that one port. > on the Internet, was going to 1.2.3.4:9000, which, somehow (via magic of upnp?) > hit my router and then the router "port forwarded" it to the Sony Playstation at > 192.168.1.5 at port 9000? Basically, yes. As long as it's ONLY talking to the Playstation, that probably means that a game is soliciting the feedback (and not that anyone is trying to attack your network). There's nothing special about '9000', it's possible that other games use other ports. |
| "Paul M. Cook" <pmcook@gte.net>: Dec 25 04:15PM -0500 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 12:34:13 -0600, Unquestionably Confused wrote: > laptop broadcasting my home SSID willy nilly at the Starbucks or the > passenger terminal at SFO or PHX is going to compromise my home network? > Not saying it couldn't be done but... Talk about freakin' remote...<g> Security is a thousand good practices, just like grammar is, or cleanliness or politeness or class. They're all a thousand little things. SSID good practices are what we're talking about here. There are a few problems with the scenario you proposed, but I have to manually *insert* an attacker who cares, in order for it to matter. For example, let's say you're cheating on your wife, and, let's say, you connected to your girlfriend's SSID, called "GIRLFRIEND" and, let's say, for now, she's *not* hiding her SSID. Guess what? Your laptop (or phone) *still* has a record of that connection, which, if your wife cared to snoop, can see by looking at your laptop or phone. Now, let's say, for argument's sake, that your wife doesn't have physical access to your laptop or phone, but, your girlfriend told her router to not broadcast her SSID, but that you connected to her SSID. Guess what? When you're at home, your laptop or phone first shouts out "Hey GIRLFRIEND, are you there?" and only when the router doesn't respond to that request, does your laptop or phone bother to go down the list of other stored or located SSIDs. > I don't bother to hide my SSID at home. Anyone who cares to clone a MAC > address to by-pass the MAC filter and decrypt a 26 alpha-numeric pass > phrase can have it. Good luck with that. It's actually easier than that *if* you use an existing SSID and password since the rainbow tables will already have the hash value stored. I'm not saying "I" care to to that, but someone might. As always, security is a thousand little things done right. |
| "Paul M. Cook" <pmcook@gte.net>: Dec 25 04:16PM -0500 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 13:51:02 -0600, Mark Lloyd wrote: > will receive it and most will show it to the user. > Compare this to what happens when your device is broadcasting it. Will > others even see that? Fair enough point. Security is a thousand little things, all put together. |
| "Paul M. Cook" <pmcook@gte.net>: Dec 25 04:22PM -0500 On Thu, 24 Dec 2015 22:18:59 -0700, Don Y wrote: > The real risk is that you can leave security off (weak passphrase) > and his knowledge of the SSID now lets him get past that (ineffective) > hiding of the network name! Depends on what you mean by "good" passphrase because you don't need *any* passphrase to break into WPA2/PSK encryption because the "salt" is known (it's the SSID!) and if you use an *existing* passphrase, you're already doomed. https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/92903/rainbow-tables-hash-tables-versus-wpa-wpa2 So, you have to substitute *unique* for "good", and only then the rainbow table hack won't work to break into your router. |
| "Paul M. Cook" <pmcook@gte.net>: Dec 25 04:26PM -0500 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 13:39:04 -0600, Mark Lloyd wrote: >> Hiding SSID increases security? Wrong. Not much really. > Not much, but not none either. Consider that most people won't know > there's a network there Just remember that there are negative security ramifications at Starbucks when you decide not to broadcast your SSID at home. If you're OK with that tradeoff, then you're fine. If you're unaware of that tradoff - then - you need to understand it. |
| "Paul M. Cook" <pmcook@gte.net>: Dec 25 04:29PM -0500 On Fri, 25 Dec 2015 08:45:23 +0000, Adrian Caspersz wrote: > But you must worry about other things. Are you sure letting a child play > some of these (mostly violent) video games is a sensible introduction to > becoming an adult? Every boy (practically) in the USA plays those violent games. |
| Adrian Caspersz <email@here.invalid>: Dec 25 11:12PM On 25/12/15 21:29, Paul M. Cook wrote: >> some of these (mostly violent) video games is a sensible introduction to >> becoming an adult? > Every boy (practically) in the USA plays those violent games. If you don't have much control what he does on the internet, then perhaps you might feel more secure getting yourself a different ISP. That can't cost that much. -- Adrian C |
| Micky <NONONOmisc07@bigfoot.com>: Dec 25 08:01PM -0500 On Wed, 23 Dec 2015 18:19:36 -0500, Micky <NONONOmisc07@bigfoot.com> wrote: >I went out for a couple hours and when I tried it just now, the time >the log showed was 11 minutes later than the current time. >Put that in your pipe and smoke it. I found the answer to this, where the computer boys play. The router has its own clock, which can be wrong, like anything else. To keep it correct, it has two possibilities. Automatic (Automatic time update with pre-defined NTP servers or enter customized NTP) Manual is the alternative, but I have Automatic checked. I don't have anything in the customized NTP field and I have the interval for Automatic as 24 hours, the default, so that lets it get wronger and wronger for 24 hours until it gets corrected. If the log were important, I could set the interval at as little as one hour. (it goes up to 72.) But I'll let it stay at 24. I'm glad to know how it can be wrong, when other times are a lot closer. It's a shame I can't use this to peer into the future. |
| Bennett Price <bjprice@cal.berkeley.edu>: Dec 25 11:17AM -0800 > Or are you talking about the harmonics ? The word intonation could be taken as that, and rightly by certain people who are talking about the tonal quality rather than the tone itself. Which is it ? > What's more, is there a way to set intonation, like on a guitar, on saxes, clarinets, and all that ? > I am a bit curious about all this. I'm using 'intonation' to mean proper well-tempered tuning, e.g., C mid- staff should be precisely an octave (2x the frequency) of middle-C below the staff. On clarinets each note should be in well-tempered tuning with every other; that doesn't happen. As well, there's a 'register key' when opened that is supposed to raise the pitch a perfect 12th - this doesn't work out as it ideally should. A middle-C (right below the staff) goes up to a top-line G when the register key is opened - it should be a perfect 12th but it rarely is. Instrument designers do the best can to make their instruments completely in tune with themselves but it is impossible due to the '12th key'. All the holes that determine pitch (along with the bore dimensions, barrel, bell, mouthpiece, reed and players oral cavity) have an effect on the pitch. I should add, as well, that the clarinet, within reason, can be tuned to other instruments by pulling out the barrel and/or middle joint. This is routinely necessary as the instrument warms up and thus goes up in pitch. Intonation in the other sense you're using it, harmonics, are peculiar to the clarinet, as they are primarily odd, not even harmonics of the fundamental. All of this oddness is due to the fact that the clarinet is basically cylindrical (not conical like a sax or oboe) and closed at one end (where the mouthpiece is) unlike a flute. |
| jurb6006@gmail.com: Dec 25 03:16PM -0800 I took your use of the word intonation in the wrong context because not alot of people know about the musical instrument aspect of it. I have made myself and a few guitarists happy by setting the neck so they play nice and easy. Usually on electric guitars, very few acoustics are adjustable, at least that I have seen. Also, recently (to me that is like five years) I learned how to set up and tune a violin. Of course without frets you can make it how you want it. With frets it has to be right. Hmm, OK trumpets and whatever need to be tuned, but what about a trombone ? |
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